The Brazil National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) began in 1967. This national annual survey, carried out by the Brazil Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE),began in order to capture sociodemographic data on households in urban and rural areas. The survey collects information on employment, education, living conditions, household income, migration, marriage, nutrition, fertility, and other characteristics of the Brazilian population. The data are collected through personal interviews in the home. The target population is persons 14 years of age and older.
The questionnaires have changed throughout the life of this survey. Supplementary questions have been included in many of the surveys in order to capture information connected to sociodemographic aspects of the household. These supplementary topics are numerous and can be found on the IBGE Metadata Bank page for the PNAD.
The geography, while always nationally representative, has changed throughout the history of the survey. In the late 1960s the survey included regions in the Northeast, Southeast, South, and the Federal District. In the late 1970s the survey coverage area also included the North and Midwest regions. In 1981, the survey coverage area expanded to the entire country. The specific rural areas of Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Pàra, and Amapà were not present in the geographical coverage until 2004.
The PNAD has been suspended several times since it began in 1967. The survey was suspended in 1974 and 1975 because a different survey, the National Survey of Household Expenditures (ENDEF), was carried out instead. The PNAD was suspended in 1970, 1980, 2000, and 2010 due to the national census. The PNAD was not suspended for the 1990 census, but was suspended in 1991. The PNAD was also suspended in 1994 due to delays in the processing the 1992 and 1993 collections.
Documentation and microdata for the surveys from 2001 to present are released by IBGE and can be accessed via their website.
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