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Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Data Input Sources Tool

Data resources from the current GBD round are available at Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Data Resources.

The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) synthesizes a large number of input sources to estimate mortality, causes of death and illness, and risk factors.

The Data Input Sources Tool lets you explore GBD 2019 input sources and retrieve relevant metadata.

Use the selection boxes below to see these input sources by GBD component, geography, and cause. After you have made your selection, you can view and access GHDx catalog records for input sources used by GBD.

Download these input sources as a CSV file to see more information about how they were used in the analysis for the Global Burden of Disease. This CSV file contains relevant metadata about the input sources as suggested in the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER), a statement that promotes best practices in reporting health estimates.

For detailed information on the tool and the contents of the CSV files, refer to the following documents:

Results

Results for component: Causes of Death and Disability, location: United States of America

Total Citations: 1704

Total Source Metadata Rows: 100789018

Citations

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Edwards JK, Cole SR, Martin JN, Moore R, Mathews WC, Kitahata M, Eron JJ, Saag M, Mugavero MJ, CNICS Investigators. Dynamic Visual Display of Treatment Response in HIV-Infected Adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2015; 61(1): e1–4.

Manning SE, Davin CA, Barfield WD, Kotelchuck M, Clements K, Diop H, Osbahr T, Smith LA. Early diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders in Massachusetts birth cohorts, 2001-2005. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(6): 1043–51.

Vaziri S, Larson M, Benjamin E, Levy D. Echocardiographic predictors of nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1994; 89(2): 724 -730.

Shah AK, Rajamani K, Whitty JE. Eclampsia: a neurological perspective. J Neurol Sci. 2008; 271(1-2): 158-67.

Shaw TE, Currie GP, Koudelka CW, Simpson EL. Eczema prevalence in the United States: data from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health. J Invest Dermatol. 2011; 131(1): 67-73.

Gamaldo A, Moghekar A, Kilada S, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, OBrien R. Effect of a clinical stroke on the risk of dementia in a prospective cohort. Neurology. 2006; 67(8): 13639.

Fixler DE, Nembhard WN, Xu P, Ethen MK, Canfield MA. Effect of acculturation and distance from cardiac center on congenital heart disease mortality. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(6): 1118-24.

Greenbaum AH, Wilson LE, Keruly JC, Moore RD, Gebo KA. Effect of age and HAART regimen on clinical response in an urban cohort of HIV-infected individuals. AIDS. 2008; 22(17): 2331-9.

Obi O, Van Naarden Braun K, Baio J, Drews-Botsch C, Devine O, Yeargin-Allsopp M. Effect of incorporating adaptive functioning scores on the prevalence of intellectual disability. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2011; 116(5): 360-70.

Butwick AJ, Abreo A, Bateman BT, Lee HC, El-Sayed YY, Stephansson O, Flood P. Effect of Maternal Body Mass Index on Postpartum Hemorrhage. Anesthesiology. 2018; 128(4): 774-783.

Black SB, Shinefield HR, Ling S, Hansen J, Fireman B, Spring D, Noyes J, Lewis E, Ray P, Lee J, Hackell J. Effectiveness of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children younger than five years of age for prevention of pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002; 21(9): 810-5.

Jackson LA, Neuzil KM, Yu O, Benson P, Barlow WE, Adams AL, Hanson CA, Mahoney LD, Shay DK, Thompson WW, Vaccine Safety Datalink. Effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348(18): 1747–55.

Dawson DA, Grant BF, Stinson FS, Zhou Y. Effectiveness of the derived Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) in screening for alcohol use disorders and risk drinking in the US general population. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005; 29(5): 844-54.

Hingson R, Alpert JJ, Day N, Dooling E, Kayne H, Morelock S, Oppenheimer E, Zuckerman B. Effects of maternal drinking and marijuana use on fetal growth and development. Pediatrics. 1982; 70(4): 539-46.

Lavandera E, Hanna J. El Paso suspect told police he was targeting Mexicans, affidavit says. Cable News Network (CNN) [Internet]. 2019 Aug 9; US.

Prescop KL, Dodge HH, Morycz RK, Schulz RM, Ganguli M. Elders with dementia living in the community with and without caregivers: an epidemiological study. Int Psychogeriatr. 1999; 11(3): 235-50.

Berul CI, Hill SL, Geggel RL, Hijazi ZM, Marx GR, Rhodes J, Walsh KA, Fulton DR. Electrocardiographic markers of late sudden death risk in postoperative tetralogy of Fallot children. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1997; 8(12): 1349-56.

Hull TJ. Electronic Records of Korean and Vietnam Conflict Casualties. Prologue. 2000; 32(1).

Redlinger T, O'Rourke K, Nickey L, Martinez G. Elevated hepatitis A and E seroprevalence rates in a Texas/Mexico border community. Tex Med. 1998; 94(5): 68-71.

Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database. Brussels, Belgium: Catholic University of Leuven.

Beghi E, Nicolosi A, Kurland LT, Mulder DW, Hauser WA, Shuster L. Encephalitis and aseptic meningitis, Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950-1981: I. Epidemiology. Ann Neurol. 1984; 16(3): 283-94.

Horon IL, Cheng D. Enhanced surveillance for pregnancy-associated mortality--Maryland, 1993-1998. JAMA. 2001; 285(11): 1455-9.

Foster MA, Iqbal J, Zhang C, McHenry R, Cleveland BE, Romero-Herazo Y, Fonnesbeck C, Payne DC, Chappell JD, Halasa N, Gómez-Duarte OG. Enteropathogenic and enteroaggregative E. coli in stools of children with acute gastroenteritis in Davidson County, Tennessee. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015; 83(3): 319–24.

Arshad MM, Wilkins MJ, Downes FP, Rahbar MH, Erskine RJ, Boulton ML, Younus M, Saeed AM. Epidemiologic attributes of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in Michigan, 1995–2001. Int J Infect Dis. 2008; 12(2): 176-82.

O'Malley CD, Shaw GM, Wasserman CR, Lammer EJ. Epidemiologic characteristics of conotruncal heart defects in California, 1987-1988. Teratology. 1996; 53(6): 374-7.

Morens DM, Davis JW, Grandinetti A, Ross GW, Popper JS, White LR. Epidemiologic observations on Parkinson's disease Incidence and mortality in a prospective study of middle-aged men. Neurology. 1996; 46(4): 1044-50.

Adamson R, Reddy V, Jones L, Antwi M, Bregman B, Weiss D, Phillips M, Horowitz HW. Epidemiology and burden of hepatitis A, malaria, and typhoid in New York City associated with travel: implications for public health policy. Am J Public Health. 2010; 100(7): 1249-52.

Lewinsohn PM, Striegel-Moore RH, Seeley JR. Epidemiology and Natural Course of Eating Disorders in Young Women From Adolescence to Young Adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000; 39(10): 1284-92.

Crane MM, Juneja M, Allen J, Kurrasch RH, Chu ME, Quattrocchi E, Manson SC, Chang DJ. Epidemiology and Treatment of New-Onset and Established Rheumatoid Arthritis in an Insured US Population. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015; 67(12): 1646–55.

Hasin DS, Sarvet AL, Meyers JL, Saha TD, Ruan WJ, Stohl M, Grant BF. Epidemiology of Adult DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder and Its Specifiers in the United States. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018; 75(4): 336-346.

Caton AR, Bloom A, Druschel CM, Kirby RS. Epidemiology of bladder and cloacal exstrophies in New York State, 1983-1999. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2007; 79(11): 781-7.

Nicolosi A, Hauser WA, Beghi E, Kurland LT. Epidemiology of central nervous system infections in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950-1981. J Infect Dis. 1986; 154(3): 399-408.

Storch TG, Mannick EE. Epidemiology of congenital heart disease in Louisiana: an association between race and sex and the prevalence of specific cardiac malformations. Teratology. 1992; 46(3): 271-6.

Grant BF, Goldstein RB, Saha TD, Chou SP, Jung J, Zhang H, Pickering RP, Ruan WJ, Smith SM, Huang B, Hasin DS. Epidemiology of DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015; 72(8): 757–66.

May PA, Hymbaugh KJ, Aase JM, Samet JM. Epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome among American Indians of the Southwest. Soc Biol. 1983; 30(4): 374-87.

Breinig MK, Kingsley LA, Armstrong JA, Freeman DJ, Ho M. Epidemiology of genital herpes in Pittsburgh: serologic, sexual, and racial correlates of apparent and inapparent herpes simplex infections. J Infect Dis. 1990; 162(2): 299-305.

Bhole V, de Vera M, Rahman MM, Krishnan E, Choi H. Epidemiology of gout in women: Fifty-two-year followup of a prospective cohort. Arthritis Rheum. 2010; 62(4): 1069-76.

Arromdee E, Michet CJ, Crowson CS, O'Fallon WM, Gabriel SE. Epidemiology of gout: is the incidence rising? J Rheumatol. 2002; 29(11): 2403-6.

Rantala H, Cherry JD, Shields WD, Uhari M. Epidemiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children: relationship of oral polio vaccine administration to occurrence. J Pediatr. 1994; 124(2): 220-3.

Kannel WB, Belanger AJ. Epidemiology of heart failure. Am Heart J. 1991; 121(3 Pt 1): 951-7.

Guess HA, Broughton DD, Melton LJ, Kurland LT. Epidemiology of Herpes Zoster in Children and Adolescents: A Population-Based Study. Pediatrics. 1985; 76(4): 512-7.

MacNeil JR, Bennett N, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Lynfield R, Nichols M, Petit S, Reingold A, Schaffner W, Thomas A, Pondo T, Mayer LW, Clark TA, Cohn AC. Epidemiology of infant meningococcal disease in the United States, 2006-2012. Pediatrics. 2015; 135(2): e305-11.

Cheng LH, Crim SM, Cole CR, Shane AL, Henao OL, Mahon BE. Epidemiology of Infant Salmonellosis in the United States, 1996-2008: A Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network Study. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc. 2013; 2(3): 232–9.

Robinson KA, Baughman W, Rothrock G, Barrett NL, Pass M, Lexau C, Damaske B, Stefonek K, Barnes B, Patterson J, Zell ER, Schuchat A, Whitney CG, Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)/Emerging Infections Program Network. Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in the United States, 1995-1998: Opportunities for prevention in the conjugate vaccine era. JAMA. 2001; 285(13): 1729-35.

Global Lower Extremity Amputation Study Group. Epidemiology of lower extremity amputation in centres in Europe, North America and East Asia. The Global Lower Extremity Amputation Study Group. Br J Surg. 2000; 87(3): 328-37.

Hasin DS, Goodwin RD, Stinson FS, Grant BF. Epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005; 62(10): 1097-106.

Cunningham LS, Kelsey JL. Epidemiology of musculoskeletal impairments and associated disability. Am J Public Health. 1984; 74(6): 574-9.

McBride KL, Marengo L, Canfield M, Langlois P, Fixler D, Belmont JW. Epidemiology of noncomplex left ventricular outflow tract obstruction malformations (aortic valve stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, hypoplastic left heart syndrome) in Texas, 1999-2001. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2005; 73(8): 555-61.

Teele DW, Klein JO, Rosner BA. Epidemiology of otitis media in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 1980; 89(1): 5-6.

Saftlas AF, Olson DR, Franks AL, Atrash HK, Pokras R. Epidemiology of preeclampsia and eclampsia in the United States, 1979-1986. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990; 163(2): 460-5.

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