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Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Data Input Sources Tool

Data resources from the current GBD round are available at Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Data Resources.

The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) synthesizes a large number of input sources to estimate mortality, causes of death and illness, and risk factors.

The Data Input Sources Tool lets you explore GBD 2019 input sources and retrieve relevant metadata.

Use the selection boxes below to see these input sources by GBD component, geography, and cause. After you have made your selection, you can view and access GHDx catalog records for input sources used by GBD.

Download these input sources as a CSV file to see more information about how they were used in the analysis for the Global Burden of Disease. This CSV file contains relevant metadata about the input sources as suggested in the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER), a statement that promotes best practices in reporting health estimates.

For detailed information on the tool and the contents of the CSV files, refer to the following documents:

Results

Results for component: Causes of Death and Disability, location: United States of America

Total Citations: 1704

Total Source Metadata Rows: 100789018

Citations

Pages

Amnesty International. Death Sentences and Executions 2018. London, United Kingdom: Amnesty International, 2019.

Lamas DJ KS, Bagiella E, Philip N, Arcasoy SM, Lederer DJ. Delayed access and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a cohort study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011; 184(7): 842-7.

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Ivan CS, Seshadri S, Beiser A, Au R, Kase CS, Kelly-Hayes M, Wolf PA. Dementia after stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 2004; 35(6): 12648.

Lieberman A, Dziatolowski M, Kupersmith M, Serby M, Goodgold A, Korein J, Goldstein M. Dementia in Parkinson Disease. Ann Neurol. 1979; 6(4): 3559.

Koller D, Bynum JPW. Dementia in the USA: state variation in prevalence. J Public Health (Oxf). 2014.

Gardner RC, Burke JF, Nettiksimmons J, Kaup A, Barnes DE, Yaffe K. Dementia risk after traumatic brain injury vs nonbrain trauma: the role of age and severity. JAMA Neurol. 2014; 71(12): 14907.

Zahodne LB, Schupf N, Brickman AM, Mayeux R, Wall MM, Stern Y, Manly JJ. Dementia Risk and Protective Factors Differ in the Context of Memory Trajectory Groups. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016; 52(3): 101320.

Folstein MF, Bassett SS, Anthony JC, Romanoski AJ, Nestadt GR. Dementia: case ascertainment in a community survey. J Gerontol. 1991; 46(4): M132-138.

Tschanz JT, Corcoran C, Skoog I, Khachaturian AS, Herrick J, Hayden KM, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Calvert T, Norton MC, Zandi P, Breitner JCS, Cache County Study Group. Dementia: the leading predictor of death in a defined elderly population: the Cache County Study. Neurology. 2004; 62(7): 1156-62.

Sucato G, Celum C, Dithmer D, Ashley R, Wald A. Demographic rather than behavioral risk factors predict herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in sexually active adolescents. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001; 20(4): 422-6.

Effler PV, Pang L, Kitsutani P, Vorndam V, Nakata M, Ayers T, Elm J, Tom T, Reiter P, Rigau-Perez JG, Hayes JM, Mills K, Napier M, Clark GG, Gubler DJ. Dengue fever, Hawaii, 2001-2002. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005; 11(5): 742-9.

Rawlings JA, Hendricks KA, Burgess CR, Campman RM, Clark GG, Tabony LJ, Patterson MA. Dengue surveillance in Texas, 1995. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998; 59(1): 95-9.

Warren JJ, Van Buren JM, Levy SM, Marshall TA, Cavanaugh JE, Curtis AM, Kolker JL, Weber-Gasparoni K. Dental caries clusters among adolescents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2017; 45(6): 538-544.

Tang JM, Altman DS, Robertson DC, O'Sullivan DM, Douglass JM, Tinanoff N. Dental caries prevalence and treatment levels in Arizona preschool children. Public Health Rep. 1997; 112(4): 319-331.

Szpunar SM, Burt BA. Dental caries, fluorosis, and fluoride exposure in Michigan schoolchildren. J Dent Res. 1988; 67(5): 802-6.

Matsuo G, Rozier RG, Kranz AM. Dental Caries: Racial and Ethnic Disparities Among North Carolina Kindergarten Students. Am J Public Health. 2015; 105(12): 2503-9.

DeStefano F, Anda RF, Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Russell CM. Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. BMJ. 1993; 306(6879): 688-91.

Bryan ET, Collier DR, Howard WR, VanCleave ML. Dental health status of school children in Tennessee – a 25 year comparison. J Tenn Dent Assoc. 1982; 62(1): 31-3.

Vargas CM, Macek MD, Goodman HS, Wagner ML. Dental pain in Maryland school children. J Public Health Dent. 2005; 65(1): 3-6.

National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dental Services and Oral Health: United States, 1989. Vital and Health Statistics. 1992; 10(183): 1-95.

Gallo JJ, Bogner HR, Morales KH, Post EP, Ten Have T, Bruce ML. Depression, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and two-year mortality among older, primary-care patients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005; 13(9): 748-55.

Albandar JM, Brunelle JA, Kingman A. Destructive periodontal disease in adults 30 years of age and older in the United States, 1988-1994. J Periodontol. 1999; 70(1): 13-29.

Stockmann C, Pavia AT, Graham B, Vaughn M, Crisp R, Poritz MA, Thatcher S, Korgenski EK, Barney T, Daly J, Rogatcheva M. Detection of 23 Gastrointestinal Pathogens Among Children Who Present With Diarrhea. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2016; piw020.

Jeremias J, Draper D, Ziegert M, Jones W, Inglis S, McGregor JA, Witkin SS. Detection of Trichomonas vaginalis using the polymerase chain reaction in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 1994; 2(1): 16-9.

Gelfand JM, Feldman SR, Stern RS, Thomas J, Rolstad T, Margolis DJ. Determinants of quality of life in patients with psoriasis: a study from the US population. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004; 51(5): 704-8.

Woolpert T, Brodine S, Lemus H, Waalen J, Blair P, Faix D. Determination of clinical and demographic predictors of laboratory-confirmed influenza with subtype analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2012; 129.

Barnes DE, Beiser AS, Lee A, Langa KM, Koyama A, Preis SR, Neuhaus J, McCammon RJ, Yaffe K, Seshadri S, Haan MN, Weir DR. Development and validation of a brief dementia screening indicator for primary care. Alzheimers Dement. 2014; 10(6): 656-665e1.

Hart EL, Lahey BB, Loeber R, Applegate B, Frick PJ. Developmental change in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys: a four-year longitudinal study. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995; 23(6): 729-49.

Lebel MH, Freij BJ, Syrogiannopoulos GA, Chrane DF, Hoyt MJ, Stewart SM, Kennard BD, Olsen KD, McCracken GH Jr. Dexamethasone therapy for bacterial meningitis. Results of two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. N Engl J Med. 1988; 319(15): 964-71.

Wald ER, Kaplan SL, Mason EO Jr, Sabo D, Ross L, Arditi M, Wiedermann BL, Barson W, Kim KS, Yogov R. Dexamethasone therapy for children with bacterial meningitis. Pediatrics. 1995; 95(1): 21-8.

Davey A, Lele U, Elias MF, Dore GA, Siegler IC, Johnson MA, Hausman DB, Tenover JL, Poon LW. Diabetes mellitus in centenarians. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012; 60(3): 468-73.

Bertoni AG, Krop JS, Anderson GF, Brancati FL. Diabetes-related morbidity and mortality in a national sample of U.S. elders. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25(3): 471-5.

Caetano R, Babor TF. Diagnosis of alcohol dependence in epidemiological surveys: an epidemic of youthful alcohol dependence or a case of measurement error?. Addiction. 2006; 111-4.

Klein EJ, Boster DR, Stapp JR, Wells JG, Qin X, Clausen CR, Swerdlow DL, Braden CR, Tarr PI. Diarrhea etiology in a Children's Hospital Emergency Department: a prospective cohort study. Clin Infect Dis. 2006; 43(7): 807-13.

Denno DM, Shaikh N, Stapp JR, Qin X, Hutter CM, Hoffman V, Mooney JC, Wood KM, Stevens HJ, Jones R, Tarr PI, Klein EJ. Diarrhea etiology in a pediatric emergency department: a case control study. Clin Infect Dis. 2012; 55(7): 897–904.

Bertone-Johnson ER, Chocano-Bedoya PO, Zagarins SE, Micka AE, Ronnenberg AG. Dietary vitamin D intake, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and premenstrual syndrome in a college-aged population. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010; 121(1-2): 434-7.

Cherpitel CJ. Differences in performance of screening instruments for problem drinking among blacks, whites and Hispanics in an emergency room population. J Stud Alcohol. 1998; 59(4): 420-6.

Rein DB, Kassler WJ, Irwin KL, Rabiee L. Direct medical cost of pelvic inflammatory disease and its sequelae: decreasing, but still substantial. Obstet Gynecol. 2000; 95(3): 397–402.

Pittock SJ, Mayr WT, McClelland RL, Jorgensen NW, Weigand SD, Noseworthy JH, Rodriguez M. Disability profile of MS did not change over 10 years in a population-based prevalence cohort. Neurology. 2004; 62(4): 601-6.

Ganguli M, Du Y, Rodriguez EG, Mulsant BH, McMichael KA, Vander Bilt J, Stoehr GP, Dodge HH. Discrepancies in information provided to primary care physicians by patients with and without dementia: the Steel Valley Seniors Survey. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006; 14(5): 446-55.

Jafri HS, Wu X, Makari D, Henrickson KJ. Distribution of respiratory syncytial virus subtypes A and B among infants presenting to the emergency department with lower respiratory tract infection or apnea. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013; 32(4): 335-40.

Yu TF. Diversity of clinical features in gouty arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1984; 13(4): 360-8.

Plassman BL, Havlik RJ, Steffens DC, Helms MJ, Newman TN, Drosdick D, Phillips C, Gau BA, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Burke JR, Guralnik JM, Breitner JC. Documented head injury in early adulthood and risk of Alzheimers disease and other dementias. Neurology. 2000; 55(8): 115866.

Copel JA, Tan AS, Kleinman CS. Does a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease alter short-term outcome?. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1997; 10(4): 237-41.

Van Marter LJ, Kuban KCK, Allred E, Bose C, Dammann O, O’Shea M, Laughon M, Ehrenkranz RA, Schreiber MD, Karna P, Leviton A, ELGAN Study Investigators. Does bronchopulmonary dysplasia contribute to the occurrence of cerebral palsy among infants born before 28 weeks of gestation?. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2011; 96(1): F20–9.

Garcia-Marcos L, Robertson CF, Ross Anderson H, Ellwood P, Williams HC, Wong GW. Does migration affect asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema prevalence? Global findings from the international study of asthma and allergies in childhood. Int J Epidemiol. 2014; 43(6): 1846-54.

Buchin PJ, Levy JS, Schullinger JN. Down's Syndrome and the Gastrointestinal Tract. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1986; 8(2): 111-4.

Friedman SR, Flom PL, Kottiri BJ, Zenilman J, Curtis R, Neaigus A, Sandoval M, Quinn T, Des Jarlais DC. Drug use patterns and infection with sexually transmissible agents among young adults in a high-risk neighbourhood in New York City. Addiction. 2003; 98(2): 159-69.

DiBona VL, Erausquin JT. Drug Use Risk Behavior Co-Occurrence Among United States High School Students. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2014; 23(2): 87–90.

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