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Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Data Input Sources Tool

Data resources from the current GBD round are available at Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Data Resources.

The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) synthesizes a large number of input sources to estimate mortality, causes of death and illness, and risk factors.

The Data Input Sources Tool lets you explore GBD 2019 input sources and retrieve relevant metadata.

Use the selection boxes below to see these input sources by GBD component, geography, and cause. After you have made your selection, you can view and access GHDx catalog records for input sources used by GBD.

Download these input sources as a CSV file to see more information about how they were used in the analysis for the Global Burden of Disease. This CSV file contains relevant metadata about the input sources as suggested in the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER), a statement that promotes best practices in reporting health estimates.

For detailed information on the tool and the contents of the CSV files, refer to the following documents:

Results

Results for component: Causes of Death and Disability, location: United States of America

Total Citations: 1704

Total Source Metadata Rows: 100789018

Citations

Pages

Jackson LA, Wenger JD. Laboratory-based surveillance for meningococcal disease in selected areas, United States, 1989-1991. MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1993; 42(2): 21-30.

Burnett AM, Anderson CP, Zwank MD. Laboratory-confirmed gonorrhea and/or chlamydia rates in clinically diagnosed pelvic inflammatory disease and cervicitis. Am J Emerg Med. 2012; 30(7): 1114-7.

Baxter R, Bakshi N, Fireman B, Lewis E, Ray P, Vellozzi C, Klein NP. Lack of association of Guillain-Barre syndrome with vaccinations. Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 57(2): 197-204.

Cherutich P, Kaiser R, Galbraith J, Williamson J, Shiraishi RW, Ngare C, Mermin J, Marum E, Bunnell R, KAIS Study Group. Lack of knowledge of HIV status a major barrier to HIV prevention, care and treatment efforts in Kenya: results from a nationally representative study. PLoS One. 2012; 7(5): e36797.

Los Angeles Times. Las Vegas Shooting Updates: Deadliest Mass Shooting in Modern U.S. History. Los Angeles Times [Internet]. 2017 Oct 5; Nation.

Dearani JA, Danielson GK, Puga FJ, Schaff HV, Warnes CW, Driscoll DJ, Schleck CD, Ilstrup DM. Late follow-up of 1095 patients undergoing operation for complex congenital heart disease utilizing pulmonary ventricle to pulmonary artery conduits. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003; 75(2): 399-411.

Kumar SP, Rubinstein CS, Simsic JM, Taylor AB, Saul JP, Bradley SM. Lateral tunnel versus extracardiac conduit Fontan procedure: a concurrent comparison. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003; 76(5): 1389-97.

Chávez GF, Cordero JF, Becerra JE, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Leading major congenital malformations among minority groups in the United States, 1981-1986. MMWR Surveill Summ. 1988; 37(3).

Sun Y, Sundell J. Life style and home environment are associated with racial disparities of asthma and allergy in Northeast Texas children. Sci Total Environ. 2011; 409(20): 4229-34.

Rule AD, Rodeheffer RJ, Larson TS, Burnett JC, Cosio FG, Turner ST, Jacobsen SJ. Limitations of estimating glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine in the general population. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006; 81(11): 1427-34.

Hayes M, Alfonso F, Wills A. Live updates: Boat fire near Santa Cruz Island, California. Cable Network News (CNN) [Internet]. 2019 Sep 3.

Krishnan E, Svendsen K, Neaton JD, Grandits G, Kuller LH, MRFIT Research Group. Long-term cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged men with gout. Arch Intern Med. 2008; 168(10): 1104-10.

Murphy JG, Gersh BJ, Mair DD, Fuster V, McGoon MD, Ilstrup DM, McGoon DC, Kirklin JW, Danielson GK. Long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329(9): 593-9.

Keel PK, Mitchell JE, Miller KB, Davis TL, Crow SJ. Long-term outcome of bulimia nervosa. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999; 56(1): 63-9.

Ettinger WH, Davis MA, Neuhaus JM, Mallon KP. Long-term physical functioning in persons with knee osteoarthritis from NHANES. I: Effects of comorbid medical conditions. J Clin Epidemiol. 1994; 47(7): 809-15.

Carr JA, Amato JJ, Higgins RSD. Long-term results of surgical coarctectomy in the adolescent and young adult with 18-year follow-up. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005; 79(6): 1950-56.

Miller A, Siffel C, Lu C, Riehle-Colarusso T, Frías JL, Correa A. Long-term survival of infants with atrioventricular septal defects. J Pediatr. 2010; 156(6): 994-1000.

Korndörfer SR, Lucas AR, Suman VJ, Crowson CS, Krahn LE, Melton LJ 3rd. Long-term survival of patients with anorexia nervosa: a population-based study in Rochester, Minn. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003; 78(3): 278-84.

Scholes D, Satterwhite CL, Yu O, Fine D, Weinstock H, Berman S. Long-term trends in Chlamydia trachomatis infections and related outcomes in a U.S. managed care population. Sex Transm Dis. 2012; 39(2): 81-8.

Nguyen HL, Saczynski JS, Gore JM, Waring ME, Lessard D, Yarzebski J, Reed G, Spencer FA, Li S, Goldberg RJ. Long-term trends in short-term outcomes in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Med. 2011; 124(10): 939–46.

Copeland WE, Angold A, Shanahan L, Costello EJ. Longitudinal patterns of anxiety from childhood to adulthood: the Great Smoky Mountains Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014; 53(1): 21–33.

Stanberry LR, Rosenthal SL, Mills L, Succop PA, Biro FM, Morrow RA, Bernstein DI. Longitudinal risk of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, HSV type 2, and cytomegalovirus infections among young adolescent girls. Clin Infect Dis. 2004; 39(10): 1433-8.

Otiniano ME, Du X, Ottenbacher K, Black SA, Markides KS. Lower extremity amputations in diabetic Mexican American elders: incidence, prevalence and correlates. J Diabetes Complications. 2003; 17(2): 59-65.

Peck AJ, Holman RC, Curns AT, Lingappa JR, Cheek JE, Singleton RJ, Carver K, Anderson LJ. Lower respiratory tract infections among american Indian and Alaska Native children and the general population of U.S. Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005; 24(4): 342–51.

Coles AH, Tisminetzky M, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM, Darling CE, Goldberg RJ. Magnitude of and Prognostic Factors Associated With 1-Year Mortality After Hospital Discharge for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Based on Ejection Fraction Findings. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015; 4(12).

Zheng D, Macera CA, Croft JB, Giles WH, Davis D, Scott WK. Major depression and all-cause mortality among white adults in the United States. Ann Epidemiol. 1997; 7(3): 213-8.

Mojtabai R, Olfson M. Major depression in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: prevalence and 2- and 4-year follow-up symptoms. Psychol Med. 2004; 34(4): 623-34.

Garrison CZ, Addy CL, Jackson KL, McKeown RE, Waller JL. Major depressive disorder and dysthymia in young adolescents. Am J Epidemiol. 1992; 135(7): 792-802.

Loeber R, Farrington DP, Stouthamer-Loeber M, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Lynam D. Male mental health problems, psychopathy, and personality traits: key findings from the first 14 years of the Pittsburgh Youth Study. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2001; 4(4): 273-97.

Gongaware RD, Marino BL, Smith RM, Sacks LM, Morrison JV. Management of gastroschisis. Am Surg. 1987; 53(8): 468-71.

Llata E, Bernstein KT, Kerani RP, Pathela P, Schwebke JR, Schumacher C, Stenger M, Weinstock HS. Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Selected US Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics: Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance Network, January 2010-December 2011. Sex Transm Dis. 2015; 42(8): 429–33.

Tennes K, Blackard C. Maternal alcohol consumption, birth weight, and minor physical anomalies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980; 138(7 Pt 1): 774-80.

Hansen GF, Chez RA. Maternal deaths in New Jersey: 1988. N J Med. 1990; 87(12): 995-8.

Buka SL, Cannon TD, Torrey EF, Yolken RH, Collaborative Study Group on the Perinatal Origins of Severe Psychiatric Disorders. Maternal exposure to herpes simplex virus and risk of psychosis among adult offspring. Biol Psychiatry. 2008; 63(8): 809–15.

Mitchell MC, Lerner E. Maternal hematologic measures and pregnancy outcome. J Am Diet Assoc. 1992; 92(4): 484-6.

Dorfman SF. Maternal mortality in New York City, 1981-1983. Obstet Gynecol. 1990; 76(3 Pt 1): 317-23.

McFarlin BL, Bottoms SF. Maternal syphilis in Michigan: the challenge to prevent congenital syphilis. Midwifery. 1995; 11(2): 5560.

Sundaram ME, Meece JK, Sifakis F, Gasser RA, Belongia EA. Medically attended respiratory syncytial virus infections in adults aged ? 50 years: clinical characteristics and outcomes. Clin Infect Dis. 2014; 58(3): 342-9.

Acierno R, Watkins J, Hernandez-Tejada MA, Muzzy W, Frook G, Steedley M, Anetzberger G. Mental Health Correlates of Financial Mistreatment in the National Elder Mistreatment Study Wave II. J Aging Health. 2019; 31(7): 1196-1211.

Blanco C, Okuda M, Wright C, Hasin DS, Grant BF, Liu SM, Olfson M. Mental health of college students and their non-college-attending peers: results from the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008; 65(12): 1429-37.

Reeves WC, Lin J-MS, Nater UM. Mental illness in metropolitan, urban and rural Georgia populations. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13: 414.

Novak S, Melkonian AK, Patel PA, Kleinman NL, Joseph-Ridge N, Brook RA. Metabolic syndrome-related conditions among people with and without gout: prevalence and resource use. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007; 23(3): 623-30.

Oetting ER, Deffenbacher JL, Taylor MJ, Luther N, Beauvais F, Edwards RW. Methamphetamine Use by High School Students: Recent Trends, Gender and Ethnicity Differences, and Use of Other Drugs. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2000; 10(1): 33-50.

Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC. Methodologic issues in studies of mortality following epilepsy: measures, types of studies, sources of cases, cohort effects, and competing risks. Epilepsia. 2005; 46(Suppl 11): 3-7.

Roy J, Stewart WF. Methods for estimating remission rates from cross-sectional survey data: application and validation using data from a national migraine study. Am J Epidemiol. 2011; 173(8): 949-55.

Downer B, Kumar A, Veeranki SP, Mehta HB, Raji M, Markides KS. Mexican-American Dementia Nomogram: Development of a Dementia Risk Index for Mexican-American Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016; 64(12): e2659.

Bigal ME, Lipton RB, Winner P, Reed ML, Diamond S, Stewart WF, AMPP advisory group. Migraine in adolescents: association with socioeconomic status and family history. Neurology. 2007; 69(1): 16-25.

Lipton RB, Scher AI, Kolodner K, Liberman J, Steiner TJ, Stewart WF. Migraine in the United States: epidemiology and patterns of health care use. Neurology. 2002; 58(6): 885-94.

Stewart WF, Roy J, Lipton RB. Migraine prevalence, socioeconomic status, and social causation. Neurology. 2013; 81(11): 948-55.

Breslau N, Davis GC, Andreski P. Migraine, psychiatric disorders, and suicide attempts: an epidemiologic study of young adults. Psychiatry Res. 1991; 37(1): 11-23.

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