Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) - Nonfatal Health Outcomes 7 (Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias - Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia)

Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias

• Cause of death estimation
  • CSMR summed and scaled to split parent COD model
• Nonfatal Outcome Estimation
  • Age-sex split, generate and apply crosswalks
  • Prevalence of sickle cell subcauses summed to total SCD model
  • Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium calculation on birth prevalence
  • Anemia causal attribution
  • Dismod MR-2.1
  • Comorbidity correction (COMO)
  • Severity splits

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Hemolytic disease and neonatal jaundice

• Impairment estimation
  • MR-BRT model of kernicterus
  • EHB adjustment (from Rh negativity)
  • Kernicterus adjustment (from Rh negativity)
  • EHB adjustment (from g6pd)
  • Kernicterus adjustment (from g6pd)
  • EHB adjustment (from preterm birth)
  • Kernicterus adjustment (from preterm birth)
  • Calculate proportion of all other births
  • EHB adjustment (from other births)
  • Kernicterus adjustment (from other births)
  • Sum kernicterus prevalence
  • SMR to EMR
  • Sum EHB over all etiologies
  • DisMod-MR 2.1
  • Subtract kernicterus from EHB
• Rhesus incompatibility
  • Calculate Rh negativity proportion
  • Rhogam doses adjustment
  • Firstborn model (ST-GPR)
  • DisMod-MR 2.1
• YLD estimation
  • Severity splits
  • Comorbidity correction (COMO)

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HIV\AIDS

• 1ab. Generalized epidemics
  • EPPASM
• • (Preliminary) Spectrum
  • (Final) Spectrum
  • Incidence back-calculation
  • Incidence case report comparison
  • HIV prevalence in pregnancy
• 2ab. Concentrated epidemics with vital statistics
  • ST-GPR
  • Cohort Incidence Bias Adjustment

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Hookworm disease

• Prepare data for ST-GPR
• Compute age-specific ratios; apply ratio to ST-GPR output
• Compute proportion of cases that belong to health states
• Apply health state proportions to overall hookworm envelope
• Estimate prevlanece of severe wasting due to hookworm
• Estimate prevalence of asymptomatic hookworm
• ST-GPR
• Dismod-MR 2.1
• Comorbidity Correction
• YLD Calculation

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Impetigo

• Age-sex splitting
• Adjustment from primary code to all code based on Claims data
• Comorbidity correction (COMO)
• Dismod-MR 2.1

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Incidence, prevalence, YLD estimation- cancer

• Incidence
  • 1. Combine MI and CoDCorrect draws to calculate incidence
• Prevalence
  • 3. Model survival ~ MIR relationship in SEER
  • 4. Predict survival from MI ratios using SEER models
  • 5. Scale SEER survival curve for each country according to (predicted/SEER) proportion
  • 6. Adjust for background mortality
  • 7. Combine survival data with final incidence estimates for prevalence estimates
• Distribution of total cancer prevalence into 4 sequelae
  • 8. Multiply each death with duration of metastatic\disseminated phase
  • 8. Multiply each death with duration of remission phase
  • 8. Multiply each death with duration of terminal phase
  • 8. Multiply each prevalent case with duration of diagnosis\treatment phase
• • 10. Apply sequela\procedure specific disability weights
  • 12. Procedure YLDs
  • 11. Sum YLDs for each sequela by cancer
• Cancer procedure estimation
  • 9. Calculate proportions of cancer population that undergoes procedure
  • 9. Combine proportions with incidence estimates
  • Model >10 year procedure prevalence in DisMod

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Infertility

• Causal attribution of infertility sequelae
• Comorbidity correction (COMO)
• Dismod-MR 2.1

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Inflammatory bowel disease

• 1. Nonfatal health outcome estimation for IBD due to Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
  • Adjustment for undiagnosed CD
  • Age-pattern analysis
  • Age-sex splitting
  • MR-BRT bias correction analysis for altenrative case definition/method
  • MR-BRT sex ratio analysis
  • Comorbidity correction (COMO)
  • DisMod-MR 2.1
  • Exclusivity adjustment
  • Meta-analysis
  • Severity splits
  • Adjustment from primary code to all code based on claims data
• 2. Nonfatal health outcome estimation for IBD due to Crohn's Disease (CD)
  • Adjustment for undiagnosed UC
  • Age-pattern analysis
  • Age-sex splitting
  • MR-BRT bias correction analysis for altenrative case definition/method
  • MR-BRT sex ratio analysis
  • Comorbidity correction (COMO)
  • DisMod-MR 2.1
  • Exclusivity adjustment
  • Meta-analysis
  • Severity splits
  • Adjustment from primary code to all code based on claims data
• 3. Meta-Analysis
  • Meta-analysis of % undiagnosed as indeterminate colitis
• 4. Anemia estimation
  • Anemia causal attribution

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Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia

• Model excess mortality in MR-BRT
• Model remission using linear regression models
• MR-BRT bias correction analysis for altenrative case definition/method
• Comorbidity correction (COMO)
• DisMod-MR 2.1
• Meta-analysis
• Severity splits
• Adjustment from primary code to all code for both inpatient and outpatient encounters based on claims data

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