Conducted as part of Round 3 of the MICS series, this survey follows Myanmar MICS conducted in 1995 and 2000. This survey covers various areas of maternal and child health including child mortality, nutrition, child health, child development, child protection, reproductive health, and education. Questions were also asked regarding knowledge of HIV and AIDS transmission.

The household sample size was 29,250, of which 29,238 were interviewed. Questionnaires were completed for a total of 38,801 women ages 15 to 49 years, and 15,539 children under the age of 5 years. Child mortality estimates should be treated with caution due to the difficulty in collecting birth history information.

A total of 10 townships in Ayeyarwaddy Division and four townships in Yangon Division that were affected by Cyclone Nargis in 2008 were excluded from the sampling frame. Various townships and sampling clusters in other states were also excluded from the survey for security reasons.