The 2019 Serbia National Health Survey aimed to assess the health of the population and identify major health problems, describe the health condition and health needs of the population, assess geographical distribution and quatitative distribution of health indicators, analyze social health inequality and availability of services, study health care use, and predict possible trends in health status. Data was gathered via three methods - a face to face interview, a self-completed questionnaire (using computer-assisted and paper-and-pencil procedures), and anthropometric measurements. 5,114 households that included 15,621 persons were sampled. Of the 15,621 persons, 13,589 were aged 15 and over and 1,493 were aged 5 to 14.

Like previous surveys in the series, the 2019 Serbian National Health Survey used the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) instruments and methodology. The study was not conducted on the territory of AP Kosovo and Metohija.