These Emergency Department (ED) health spending estimates are part of the Disease Expenditure Project (DEX) at IHME, which produced estimates for US spending on health care according to 3 types of payers: public insurance (including Medicare, Medicaid, and other government programs), private insurance, and out-of-pocket payments. This dataset contains ED spending estimates by aggregate health category, age group, sex, and payer for 2006 through 2016. The underlying data set used to generate estimates was the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS); the DEX data pipeline was also leveraged to include government budgets, insurance claims, facility records, household surveys, and official US records from 2006 through 2016 to produce the results.