The 2005 Zambia Sexual Behavior Survey (ZSBS) was the 4th of this series conducted in Zambia. The three previous ZSBS surveys were conducted in 1998, 2000, and 2003. The objective of the survey was to obtain national estimates for various indicators related to HIV, AIDS, and STD program monitoring.

Three questionnaires were used, one for communities, one for households, and one for individuals. The 2005 ZSBS used the same sampling frame as all previous ZSBS. In 2003 a total of 100 clusters were used, and in 2005 that number increased to 105.

The household sample included 2,465 households of which 2,300 were enumerated. The male and female sample were 2,390 and 2,462 respectively. The response rate was 86% for males and 88% for females. Males between the age of 15 and 59 years and females between the age of 15 and 49 were eligible.

Questions about assistance were asked in the community and household questionnaires, but the type (public or private) was not specified.