This is the first report of the South African Renal Registry, reporting to the South African Renal Society, which collects data on all dialysis and transplant patients in South Africa. The report presents data on renal replacement therapy (RRT) for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Data are focused on provision and distribution of RRT therapy in 2012, with some comparison to the last South African renal registry data published in 1994. Data are presented as numbers and rates, and are broken out by treatment center, province, treatment modality, race, and reported cause.