Saint Kitts and Nevis

Researchers at IHME and the University of Oxford produced estimates of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) associated with and attributable to bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 88 pathogen-drug combinations for the WHO Region of the Americas and for 35 countries within this geographical region in 2019. A variety of data were gathered to inform these estimates, including multiple cause of death data, hospital discharges, minimally invasive tissue sampling, systematic literature reviews, and microbiology lab results from hospitals and national and multi-national surveillance systems, with a total of 343 million individual records or isolates and 11,361 study-location-years collected. These data informed 8 modelling components which were then combined with results from GBD 2019 to estimate the burden of AMR. Estimates were produced for two counterfactual scenarios: no infection and drug-susceptible infection.